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The Spleen in Dogs – Function and Diseases

by | Mar 26, 2024 | Pet Anatomy

The Role of the Spleen in Animals, Disorders and Diseases

In addition to lymph nodes, there are other sites in the body that are dedicated to producing immune cells. The spleen is one of them – a remarkable organ with multiple functions – located in the upper left part of the abdomen, below the rib cage and above the stomach. It is part of the lymphatic system and plays several important roles:

Function of the Spleen | The Spleen in Dogs

  • Blood Filtration

One of the primary functions of the spleen is filtering blood. The spleen contains tissue and cells that help remove old, damaged, or abnormal red blood cells from circulation. Macrophages within the spleen engulf and break down these cells, allowing for the removal of cellular debris and maintaining blood quality.

  • Storage and Regulation of Blood Flow
The spleen serves as a reservoir for red blood cells and platelets. In certain situations, such as during physical exertion or in response to bleeding, the spleen can contract and release stored red blood cells and platelets into the bloodstream. This helps increase oxygen delivery to tissues and aids in clotting to prevent excessive bleeding.
  • Immune Function
The spleen is an integral part of the immune system in animals. It contains lymphoid tissue and immune cells, including lymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells) and macrophages. These immune cells help identify and neutralize pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that may be present in the bloodstream. The spleen also plays a role in initiating immune responses and producing antibodies to fight infections.
  • Iron Metabolism
The spleen is involved in recycling iron from old red blood cells. Macrophages within the spleen break down hemoglobin from old red blood cells, releasing iron that can be reused for the production of new red blood cells or stored for future use.
the spleen in dogs - function and diseases - biotherapy for animals-image

Diseases | The Spleen in Dogs

Any abnormalities or diseases affecting the spleen can have significant implications for a dog’s health and may require veterinary attention. Common conditions affecting the spleen in dogs include splenomegaly (enlarged spleen), splenic torsion (twisting of the spleen), and splenic tumors.

It is possible to live without a spleen, so in certain pathological conditions and tumors, the spleen is removed and the animal can function normally. That’s why it’s important to preserve the rest of the immune system in the body and take care of overall health.

Learn more about organs that are key to immunity:
Lymph Nodes | Peyer’s Patches

This article is not a substitute for veterinary advice, but aims to provide useful information on natural ways to support our pets’ health.

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